Abstract

The aim of the article. At each stage of the life cycle of object of intellectual property rights holder faces the necessity of making management decisions regarding expedient form of legal protection, the choice of how to use and so on. The purpose of this article is to solve the model task of managerial decision-making at the stage of the acquisition of a computer program rights based on multiple-criteria decision analysis. The results of the analysis. There are several ways of the legal protection of computer programs in Ukraine. First, the protection by copyright as a literary work, when the subject of protection is code. Another way to implement the legal protection of computer programs is using of the patent system. In this case, the subject of legal protection is the algorithm on which it is based, that is a way to solve the task. Besides, it is possible to register a program name as a trademark for goods and services. The decision on reasonable form of legal protection of computer programs should be based on analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of each form and the goals and capabilities of the enterprise in which it will be used. It is reasonable to apply the methods of multiple-criteria decision analysis for decision support tasks, which should take into account a number of factors. So the structure of problem (system task) has been investigated, that the following elements have been marked: objectives (choice of protective documents to obtain exclusive rights to a computer program, choice of protective documents for further commercialization of a computer program); criteria (the volume of legal protection, conditions for acquiring rights, the complexity of the examination, costs for acquiring of intellectual property rights, the duration of protection of property rights); alternatives (certificate of copyright registration, certificate for trademark for goods and services, patent (declarative patent) and their combinations). The elements are important at the stage of acquiring rights to a computer program and based on the analysis of methods of legal protection of computer programs. Graph has been built for these items and appropriate multiple-criteria methods, analytic network process (ANP) and analytic hierarchy process (AHP), have been selected based on it. There have been estimated priorities of the components of that system problem, on the basis of the developed intensity scale. The diagram has been built for obtained with AHP and ANP priorities of protection ways; the results have been analyzed. The proposed technique has helped to organize the process of decision support and can be used to manage the lifecycle of object of intellectual property. Using DSS NooTron during multiple-criteria decision analysis has ensured efficiency of the process. Conclusions and directions for further research. There have been investigated ways of the legal protection of computer programs, as a literary work, invention and trademark for goods and services. The forms of the legal protection of computer programs were characterized by highlighted criteria. There have been estimated priorities of the forms of the legal protection for each criterion based on the developed intensity scale. The diagram of priorities of the forms of the legal protection was constructed on the basis of obtained results with analytic network process and analytic hierarchy process. The continuation of research in this area is to develop a model of making management decisions at different stages of the life cycle of object of intellectual property.  

Keywords: intellectual property, computer program, legal protection, commercialization, analytic network process, analytic hierarchy process

JEL Classification: C630, C690, O310, O340.

Cite as: Drach, I., & Yevtushenko, H. (2018). Managerial decision-making in the field of intellectual property on the basis of multiple-criteria decision analysis. Marketing and Management of Innovations, 1, 207-217. https://doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2018.1-15

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

References

1. WIPO (n.d.). What is Intellectual Property? wipo.int. Retrieved from http://www.wipo.int/about-ip/en/.
2. Tsybulov, P.M., Chebotarov, V.P., Zinov, V.H., & Suini, Yu. (2005). Upravlinnia intelektualnoiu vlasnistiu [Management of intellectual property]. Kyiv : K.I.S. [in Ukrainian].
3. Paladii, M.V. (2012). Problemy formuvannia upravlinskykh rishen u sferi intelektualnoi vlasnosti Ukrainy v umovakh intehratsii v svitovi spivtovarystva [Problems of management decisions on intellectual property in the integration of Ukraine into the world community]. Derzhavne upravlinnia: udoskonalennia ta rozvytok – Public administration, improvement and development, 6. Retrieved from http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/Duur_2012_6_3 [in Ukrainian].
4. Vodoriezova S.R. (2014). Osoblyvosti pravovoi okhorony komp’iuternoi prohramy yak ob’iekta informatsiinykh vidnosyn [Features of the legal protection of computer programs as object information relations]. Pravo ta innovatsii – Right and innovation, 3, 69 – 76 [in Ukrainian].
5. Zhuvanov, D., & Stohnii, Ie. Yaku formu pravovoi okhorony obraty dlia komp’iuternoi prohramy? [What form of legal protection of computer programs to choose?] (n.d.). Patentna ahentsiia D. Romanenka – Patent agency Romanenko D. romanenko.biz. Retrieved from http://www.romanenko.biz/ua/library/article_program.html [in Ukrainian].
6. Filyk, N.V., & Omelchenko, H.V. (2016). Kompiuterna prohrama yak ob’iekt avtorskoho prava: problemy pravovoi okhorony [Computer program as an object of copyright: problems of legal protection]. Yurydychnyi visnyk – Legal Bulletin, 2 (39), 130-137 [in Ukrainian].
7. Petrenko, S.A. (2010). Pravova okhorona kompiuternoi prohramy yak obiekta intelektualnoi vlasnosti: shliakhy rozvytku. [Legal protection of a computer program as an object of intellectual property: ways of development]. Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis. Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
8. Yefremova, K.V. (2012). Pravova pryroda kompiuternoi prohramy yak obiektu innovatsiinykh vidnosyn [The legal nature of the computer program as an object of innovative relations]. Aktualni pytannia innovatsiinoho rozvytku – Topical issues of innovation development, 2, 24-29 [in Ukrainian].
9. Story, A. (2004). Intellectual Property and Computer Software: A Battle of Competing Use and Access Visions for Countries of the South. United Nations Conference on Trade and Sustainable Development. Geneva: ICTSD and UNCTAD. Retrieved from http://iprsonline.org/unctadictsd/docs/CS_Story.pdf.
10. Ballardini, R.M. (2012). Intellectual property protection for computer programs: Developments, challenges, and pressures for change. Helsinki : Edita Prima Ltd.
11. Shaikh, S.A., & Londhe, B.R. (2016). Intricacies of Software Protection: A Techno-Legal Review. – Journal of Intellectual Property Rights, 21(3), 157 – 165 [in English].
12. Borovskaya, E.A., Yermakovich, S.L., Kudashov, V.I., Losev, S.S., & Uspenskiy, A.A. (2010) Pravovaya okhrana komp’yuternykh programm i baz dannykh [Legal protection of computer programs and databases]. Minsk: Gosudarstvennyy komitet po nauke i tekhnologiyam Respubliki Belarus [in Russian].
13. Saati, T.L. (2008). Prinyatie resheniy pri zavisimostyah i obratnyih svyazyah: Analiticheskie seti [Decision-making at the dependencies and feedbacks: Analytical Network]. Moskow: LKI [in Russian].
14. Saaty, T.L. (2013). On the Measurement of Intangibles. A Principal Eigenvector Approach to Relative Measurement Derived from Paired. Notices of the American Mathematical Society, 60(2), 192–208.
15. Zakon Ukrainy «Pro avtorski i sumizhni prava» vid 23.12.1993 № 3792-XII [Law of Ukraine «On сopyright and related rights» from 15.12.93, № 3687-XII amended] (1993). Ofitsiinyi veb-portal Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy – Official Web Portal Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Retrieved from http://zakon3.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3792-12 [in Ukrainian].
16. Zakon Ukrainy «Pro okhoronu prav na vynakhody i korysni modeli» vid 15.12.1993 № 3687-XII [Law of Ukraine «On the protection of rights to inventions and utility models» from 15.12.1993, №3687-XII] (1993). Ofitsiinyi veb-portal Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy – Official Web Portal of Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Retrieved from http://zakon3.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3687-12 [in Ukrainian].
17. Zakon Ukrainy «Pro okhoronu prav na znaky dlia tovariv i posluh» vid 15.12.1993 № 3689-XII [The Law of Ukraine «On protection of rights to trademarks for goods and services» from 15.12.1993, № 3689-XII] (1993). Ofitsiinyi veb-portal Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy – Official Web Portal of Verkhovna of Rada of Ukraine. Retrieved from http://zakon3.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3689-12 [in Ukrainian].
18. Sistema podderzhki prinyatiya resheniy NooTron [Decision support system NooTron] (n.d.). nootron.net.ua. Retrieved from http://nootron.net.ua [in Russian].