Abstract

The aim of the article. The article represents the results of analytical review and comparative analysis of EU membership candidate countries legal economic framework for Ukraine, Georgia and Moldova. The aim of the research is to show opportunities and illuminate the gaps for timely fulfillment of obligation in framework of euro integration process. The results of the analysis. The choice of countries is determined by similarity of political, economic, and social conditions including, inter alia: 1) the aftermath of the global economic crisis; 2) political crisis; 3) threat to sovereignty and territorial integrity, including the risk of armed conflict (the unlawful annexation of the Crimea and Sevastopol and destabilization in the Eastern Ukraine; occupation of Abkhazia and South Ossetia in Georgia; and the Transnistria conflict in Moldova). Economic growth based on more efficient use of available scarce resources is the key to successful withstanding and overcoming these adverse factors. It implies that implementing the Association Agreement is closely linked with the transition toward a green economy. The comparative analysis determined some similarities in positive shifts for all countries. The following positive shifts characterizing the progress achieved by the countries can be highlighted: demonstration of proactive efforts toward meeting their commitments under the Association Agreement; existing  policies, practices and programmes aiming to support the sustainable industrial and business development; reflection of the sustainable development and green economy issues in the official development strategies and their considering to be a priority; activation of effort to develop a system of specific indicators including those that can be used for measuring the efficiency of national policies; incorporation sustainable development objectives in the local development agendas and environmental action plans; taking active part in the international programmes focusing on various aspects of sustainable development, introduction of best practices and technologies; continuing to take considerable efforts to disseminate information about sustainable development and green economy among various stakeholders (to facilitate this, the Aarhus Centre has been established in each country). Conclusions and directions of further researches. In the article is underlined that first steps to be taken as a matter of priority toward implementing the sustainable development and green economy objectives should include the development of the Governmental Action Plan to support transition toward a green growth model; establishment of the governmental coordination and information centre; adoption of a unified system of sustainable development and green growth indicators; development and introduction of a smart system of economic incentives including tax exemptions, no-interest or low-interest loans for businesses introducing resource-saving technologies and environmental protection facilities (wastewater treatment facilities, waste recycling plants etc.); legislation of mechanisms facilitating the involvement of the public in resource management and decision-making.

Keywords: green economy, legislative practice, macroeconomic indicators, European Neighbourhood Policy, Association Agreement, European Union

JEL Classification: K20, O11, O38, P48.

Cite as: Zharova L. & Eremeeva, N. (2015). Comparative analysis of eu membership candidate countries legal economic framework (Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova). Marketing and Management of Innovations, 2, 170-181. https://doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2015.2-14

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

References

1. Uhoda pro asotsiatsiiu mizh Ukrainoiu, z odniiei storony, ta Yevropeiskym Soiuzom, Yevropeiskym spivtovarystvom z atomnoi enerhii i yikhnimy derzhavamy-chlenamy, z inshoi storony [Association Agreement between the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community and their member states, of the one hand, and Ukraine, of the other hand]. (n.d.) www.kmu.gov.ua. Retrieved from http://www.kmu.gov.ua/kmu/docs/EA/00_Ukraine-EU_Association_Agreement_(body).pdf [in Ukrainian].
2. Burkynskyi, B.V., Halushkina, T.P., & Reutov, V.Ye. (2011). “Zelena” ekonomika kriz pryzmu transformatsiinykh zrushen v Ukraini [Green economy through transformation process in Ukraine]. Saki, PP “Pidpryiemstvo Feniks” [in Ukrainian].
3. Khvesyk, M.A. (Ed.). (2013). Naukovi osnovy natsionalnoi stratehii staloho rozvytku Ukrainy [Scientific background of National strategy of Sustainable Development of Ukraine]. Kyiv: DU IEPSR NASU [in Ukrainian].
4. Khvesyk, M.A., Stepanenko, A.V., & Obikhod, H.O. (2014). Ekolohichna i pryrodno-tekhnohenna bezpeka Ukrainy v rehionalnomu vymiri [Enviromental and tekhnogenic safety of Ukraine in regional interpretation]. Kyiv: DU IEPSR NASU [in Ukrainian].
5. Veklych, O.O., Kobzar, O.M., & Kolmakova V.M. (Eds.). (2014). Ekonomichni mekhanizmy natsionalnoi ekolohichnoi polityky v systemi staloho rozvytku Ukrainy [Environmental mechanism of national environmental policy of Ukraine  in sustainable development framework]. Kyiv: DU IEPSR NASU [in Ukrainian].
6. Heets, V.M. (n.d.). Ukraina obrechena na modernizatsiiu svoei ekonomiky [Ukraine is doomed to modernize its economy]. Ipress.UA. Retrieved from http://inpress.ua/ru/economics/19433-ukraina-obrechena-na-modernizatsiyu-svoey-ekonomiki-valeriy-geets [in Russian].
7. Implementation of the European Neighbourhood Policy in 2014. European Commission. (2014). eeas.europa.eu. Retrieved from http://eeas.europa.eu/enp/pdf/2015/enp-statistics-report-2014_en.pdf [in English].
8. Infliatsiinyi zvit. NBU: Berezen 2015 r [NBU Report on inflation: March 2015]. (2015) www.bank.gov.ua. Retrieved from http://www.bank.gov.ua/doccatalog/document?id=16036607 [in Ukrainian].
9. Zakon Hruzii “Ob okhrane okruzhaiushchei sredy” [Law of Gergia. Environmental protection Act]. (10 December, 1996). Vedomosti parlamenta – The Gazette of the Parliament, 1-2(33-34/7) [in Russian].
10. Georgia 2020 Socio-Economic Development Strategy. (n.d.) matsne.gov.ge. Retrieved from https://matsne.gov.ge/en/document/view/2373855 [in English].
11. 2012-2016 National Environmental Protection Programme. (n.d.) moe.gov.ge. Retrieved from http://moe.gov.ge/files/Saministros%20Prioritetebi/NEAP_eng_2012.pdf [in English].
12. 2010-2017 State Regional Development Strategy of Georgia. (n.d.) www.mrdi.gov.ge. Retrieved from http://www.mrdi.gov.ge/en/news/rdevelopment [in English].
13. 2015-2020 Agricultural Sector Development Strategy. (n.d.) issuu.com. Retrieved from http://issuu.com/agriculturegeorgia/docs/strategia_eng_-_print/1 [in English].
14. Moldova 2020 National Development Strategy: Seven Solutions for Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction. (n.d.) www.gov.md. Retrieved from http://www.gov.md/public/files/ Moldova_2020_RUS.pdf [in English].
15. 2013-2023 National Waste Management Strategy. (n.d.) www.serviciilocale.md. Retrieved from http://www.serviciilocale.md/public/files/deseuri/2013_01_24_NATIONAL_WASTE_MANAGEMENT_STRATEGY_2013-27_ENG.pdf [in English].
16. National Regional Development Strategy, Republic of Moldova Climate Change Adaptation Strategy. (n.d.) base.spinform.ru. Retrieved from  http://base.spinform.ru/show_doc.fwx?rgn=30635 [in English].
17. 2008-2015 National Strategy for the Sustainable Development of the Agro-Industrial Sector. (n.d.) monitorul.md. Retrieved from http://monitorul.md/ru/monitor/v-60-v/ [in English].
18. Aarhus Convention National Implementation Action Plan for 2011-2015. (n.d.). lex.justice.md. Retrieved from http://lex.justice.md/viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=339051&lang=2 [in English].
19. Aarhus Convention National Implementation Action Plan for 2011-2015. (n.d.) monitorul.md. Retrieved from  http://monitorul.md/ru/monitor/v-60-v/ [in English].
20. Podatkovyi kodeks Ukrainy [Tax Code of Ukraine]. (n.d.). zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from http://zakon4.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2755-17 [in Ukrainian].
21. Zakon Ukrainy “Pro elektroenerhetyku” [Law of Ukraine. Electric power Act]. (n.d.). zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from  http://zakon4.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/575/97-%D0%B2%D1%80 [in Ukrainian].
22. Nalohovyi kodeks Respubliki Molodova [Tax Code of Moldova Republic]. (n.d.). old.fisc.md. Retrieved from  http://old.fisc.md/ru/lege/fiscrm/ [in Russian].
23. Zakon Respubliki Moldova “Ob otsenke vozdeistviia na okruzhaiushchuiu pryrodnuiu sredu” [Law of Moldova Republic. Environmenta Impact Assessment Act]. (n.d.). http://lex.justice.md. Retrieved from http://lex.justice.md/ru/353608/ [in Russian].
24. Zakon Hruzii “O razreshenii na vozdeistvye na okruzhaiushchuiu pryrodnuiu sredu” [Law of Georgia. Environmental Impact Permission Act]. (n.d.). https://matsne.gov.ge. Retrieved fromhttps://matsne.gov.ge/ru/document/download/20206/11/ru/pdf [in Russian].
25. Joint staff working document implementation of the European Neighbourhood policy in Ukraine. Progress in 2014 and recommendations for actions. European commission. (2015). http://eeas.europa.eu. Retrieved from http://eeas.europa.eu/enp/pdf/2015/ukraine-enp-report-2015_en.pdf [in English].
26. Joint staff working document implementation of the European Neighbourhood policy in Georgia progress in 2014 and recommendations for actions. European commission (2015). http://eeas.europa.eu. Retrieved from http://eeas.europa.eu/enp/pdf/2015/georgia-enp-report-2015_en.pd.
27. Joint staff working document implementation of the European Neighbourhood policy in the republic of Moldova progress in 2014 and recommendations for actions. European commission (2015). http://eeas.europa.eu. Retrieved from http://eeas.europa.eu/enp/pdf/2015/repulic-of-moldova-enp-report-2015_en.pdf [in English].
28. Pro zatverdzhennia pereliku vydiv ekolohichnoi informatsii ta rehlamentu rozmishchennia yii na veb-saiti Minpryrody [List of environmental information and regalements of it on-line publication] (22.12.2011, №561). (n.d.) http://www.menr.gov.ua. Retrieved from http://www.menr.gov.ua/access/ securement/954-nakaz-561-pro-zatverdzhennia-pereliku-vydiv-ekolohichnoi-informatsii-ta-rehlamentu-rozmishchennia-ii-na-veb-saiti-minpryrody [in Ukrainian].
29. Zakon Ukrainy “Pro rehuliuvannia mistobudivnoi diialnosti” [Law of Ukraine. Urban planning Act]. (n.d.) http://zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from http://zakon4.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3038-17 [in Ukrainian].
30. Zakon Ukrainy “Pro okhoronu navkolyshnoho pryrodnoho seredovyshcha” [Law of Ukraine. Environmental Protection Act]. (n.d.) http://zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1264-12 [in Ukrainian].
31. Zakon Ukrainy Pro mistseve samovriaduvnnia v Ukraine [Law of Ukraine. Local Government Act]. (n.d.) http://zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/280/97-%D0%B2%D1%80 [in Ukrainian].
32. Obshchyi Admynystratyvnyi kodeks Hruzii [Common Administrative Code of Georgia]. (n.d.) https://matsne.gov.ge. Retrieved from https://matsne.gov.ge/ka/document/download/16270/18/ru/pdf [in Russian].
33. Zakon Respubliki Molodova O prozrachnosti protsessa priniatiia reshenii [Law of Moldova Republic Transparency Regulation Act]. (n.d.). http://lex.justice.md. Retrieved from http://lex.justice.md/ru/329849/ [in Russian].
34.