Abstract

The aim of the research is to systemize the variety of general and detailed knowledge about job quality. The study contains generalization and structuring of the global scientific heritage regarding the concept of job quality issue and well-being, job satisfaction and the relationship between them. It is underlined that over the years, the concept of job quality has been widely researched by scholars of different fields, has been widely discussed by policy-makers and researched by scholars of different fields. Job quality has become a widely discussed issue due to its importance in the formation of the employee’s, company’s, and, consequently, national wellbeing. The authors proposed innovative approaches to the analysis of labour quality, which are reflected in five parts of the article, each of which deals with the study regarding the specific aspects of the job quality. In the first part of the article, the conceptual overview of job quality and its dimensions were analysed. Based on the results of the initial evaluation of empirical studies, a general model of the factors and outcomes of job quality was built. The second part of the article deals with the theoretical investigation of the main categories, such as job quality and well-being, subjective well-being and affective well-being, job satisfaction, affective organizational commitment. The structure of job-related affective well-being is described. The construct of affective well-being is used as a basis for meta-analysis. According to the results of the literature search, different elements of job quality was found to be related to such outcomes as job satisfaction and organizational commitment. The third part of the article describes the dimensions of job quality. Three dimensions of job quality – pay satisfaction, autonomy, and job security – were elaborated in relation to the affective well-being of the employee. The hypothesized model of job quality elements and outcomes that were meta-analysed was developed. The fourth part of the article describes the meta-analysis of the key aspects of the general concept and a general model of the job quality construct which consists of the job quality factors, elements and outcomes. This part provides a meta-analytical review, which is based on the method of psychometric meta-analysis, of the relationships between job security, as an individual level construct, pay satisfaction, autonomy and the employee’s job-related affective well-being. The fifth part of the article describes the results of the meta-analysis. Firstly, the results of the relationship between job security at the individual level and job-related affective well-being are provided. Secondly, the results of the relationship between pay satisfaction and affective well-being are presented. Finally, the results of the relationship between autonomy and job-related affective well-being are provided. The reported results also include the analysis of the moderating role of job security on those relationships.

Keywords: innovative approaches, job quality, job security, autonomy, meta-analysis, job satisfaction.

JEL Classification: M54, M12.

Cite as: Shvets, A. (2018). Innovative approaches to analysis of job quality: factors, elements and outcomes. Marketing and Management of Innovations, 4, 26-42. https://doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2018.4-03

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

References

1. Andrews, F. M., & Withey, S. B. (1976). Social indicators of well-being: Americans’ perceptions of life quality. New York: Plenum. 
2. Brand, J. E. (2006). The effects of job displacement on job quality: Findings from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, Vol. 24, pp.  275–298.
3. Brown, A., Charlwood, A., Forde, C., & Spencer, D. (2007). Job quality and the economics of New Labour: a critical appraisal using subjective survey data. Cambridge Journal of Economics, Vol. 31, pp. 941–971.
4. Caliendo, M., Künn, S., & Uhlendorff, A. (2012). Marginal employment, unemployment duration and job match quality. DIW Berlin Discussion Paper,No. 6499, pp. 1-29.
5. Campbell, A., Converse, P. E., & Rodgers, W. L. (1976). The quality of American life: Perceptions, evaluations, and satisfactions. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
6. Carraher, S. M., & Buckley, M. R. (1996). Cognitive complexity and the perceived dimensionality of pay satisfaction. Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 81, No. 1, pp. 102–109. 
7. CEC (2001b). Employment in Europe 2001. Brussels, Commission of the European Communities.
8. CEC (2003). Improving quality in work: A review of recent progress.COM Commission of the European Communities 2003/728, 26 November 2003.
9. Chalmers, J., Campbell, I., & Charlesworth, S. (2005). Part-time work and caring responsibilities in Australia: Towards an assessment of job quality. Labour & Industry,Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 41-66.
10. Chen, F. F., Jing, Y., Hayes, A., & Lee, J. M. (2013). Two concepts or two approaches? A bifactor analysis of psychological and subjective well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 1033 – 1068.
11. Clegg, C., Wall, T., & Kemp, N. (1987). Women on the assembly line: A comparison of the main interactive and explanations of job satisfaction, absence and mental health. Journal of Occupational Psychology, Vol. 60, No. 4, pp. 273-287.
12. Cloutier-Villeneuve, L. (2012). Job quality in Quebec and the United Kingdom: Trends by sex and family status, 1998–2008. International Labour Review,Vol. 151, No. 1–2, pp. 61-84.
13. Cooke, G. B., Donaghey, J., & Zeytinoglu, I. U. (2013). The nuanced nature of work quality: Evidence from rural Newfoundland and Ireland. Human Relations,Vol. 66, No. 4, pp. 503-528.
14. Currall, S. C., Towler, A. J., Judge, T. A., & Kohn, L. (2005). Pay satisfaction and organizational outcomes. Personnel Psychology,Vol. 58, No. 3, pp. 613–640.
15. Currivan, D. B. (1999). The causal order of job satisfaction and organizational commitment in models of employee turnover. Human Resource Management Review, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 495-524. 
16. DeCarlo, T. E., & Agarwal, S. (1999). Influence of managerial behaviors and job autonomy on job satisfaction of industrial salespersons: A cross-cultural study. Industrial Marketing Management, Vol. 28, pp. 51–62.
17. De Cuyper, N, & De Witte, H. (2006). Autonomy and workload among temporary workers: Their effects on job satisfaction, organizational commitment, life satisfaction, and self-rated performance.International Journal of Stress Management, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 441–459.
18. Diener, E. & Larsen, R.J. (1993). The experience of emotional well-being. In M. Lewis and J.M. Havilland (Eds), Handbook of emotions. New York: Guildford Press.
19. Diener, E., Suh, E. M., Lucas, R. E., & Smith, H. L. (1999). Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 125, pp. 276–302.
20. Drobnic, S., & Rodriguez, A. M. G. (2011). Tensions between work and home: Job quality and working conditions in the institutional contexts of Germany and Spain. Social Politics, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 232-268.
21. Dupre, K. E., & Day, A. L. (2007). The effect of supportive management and job quality on the turnover intensions and health of military personnel. Human Resource Management, Vo. 46, No. 2, pp. 185–201.
22. Eby, L. T., Freeman, D. M., Rush, M. C. and Lance, C. E. (1999). Motivational bases of affective organizational commitment: A partial test of an integrative theoretical model. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 72 No. 4, pp. 463-483.
23. Esser, I., & Olsen, K. M. (2012). Perceived job quality: autonomy and job security within a multi-level framework. European Sociological Review, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp. 443–454.
24. European Commission (2001). Employment and Social Policies: A Framework for Investing in Quality. Brussels.Commission of the European Communities.
25. European Commission (2012). New skills and jobs in Europe: Pathways towards full employment. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
26. Federici, R. A. (2013). Principals’ self-efficacy: relations with job autonomy, job satisfaction, and contextual constraints. European Journal of Psychology of Education, Vol. 28, pp. 73–86.
27. Findlay, P., Kalleberg, A. L., & Warhurst, C. (2013). The challenge of job quality. Human Relations, Vol. 66, No. 4, pp. 441-451.
28. Finn, C. P. (2001). Autonomy: an important component for nurses’ job satisfaction. International Journal of Nursing Studies, Vol. 38, pp. 349–357.
29. Froese, F. J., & Xiao, S. (2012). Work values, job satisfaction and organizational commitment in China. The International Journal of Human Resource Management,Vol. 23, No. 10, pp. 2144–2162.
30. Goos, M., & Manning, A. (2003). McJobs and MacJobs: The growing polarization of jobs in the UK. In: Dickens, R., Gregg, P., & Wadsworth, J. The labour market under new labour. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 70–85.
31. Goos, M., & Manning, A. (2007). Lousy and lovely jobs: The rising polarization of work in Britain. Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 89, pp. 118–133.
32. Green, F. (2006). Demanding Work: The Paradox of Job Quality in the Affluent Economy. Oxford: Princeton University Press.
33. Grip A., & Wolbers, M. H. J. (2006). Cross-national differences in job quality among low-skilled young workers in Europe. International Journal of Manpower, Vol. 27 No. 5, pp. 420-433.
34. Hackman, J. R., & Oldham, G. R. (1975). Development of the job diagnostic survey. Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 60, No. 2, pp. 159-170. 
35. Handel, M. J. (2005). Trends in perceived job quality, 1989 to 1998. Work and Occupations, Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 66-94.
36. Harris, G. E., & Cameron, J. E. (2005). Multiple dimensions of organizational identification and commitment as predictors of turnover intentions and psychological well-being. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, Vol. 37, No. 3, pp. 159–169.
37. Hill, E. J., Hawkins, A. J., Ferris, M., & Weitzman, M. (2001). Finding an extra day a week: The positive influence of perceived job flexibility on work and family life balance. Family Relations, Vol. 50, No. 1, pp. 49–58.
38. Holman, D. (2012). Job types and job quality in Europe. Human Relations, Vol. 66, No. 4, pp. 475-502.
39. Hosie, P.J., Jayashree, P., Tchantchane, A., & Lee, B. C. (2013). The effect of autonomy, training opportunities, age and salaries on job satisfaction in the South East Asian retail petroleum industry. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 24, No. 21, pp. 3980–4007.
40. Hosie, P.J., Sevastos, P.P., & Cooper, C.L. (2006). Happy-performing managers: The impact of affective wellbeing and intrinsic job satisfaction in the workplace. Cheltenham, UK, Northhampton, MA, USA: Edgar Elgar.
41. Hunter, J. E., & Schmidt, F. L. (2004). Methods of meta-analysis. Correcting error and bias in research findings, 2ndedn. London: Sage.
42. ILO (International Labor Organization) (1999). Job quality and small enterprise development. Series on Job Quality in Micro and Small Enterprise Development, Working paper No. 4, pp. 1-26.
43. ILO (2014). Mainstreaming decent work. Retrieved on 1 February 2014 via http://www.ilo.org/integration /themes/dw_mainstreaming/lang–en/index.htm
44. Jerkovic-Cosic, K., Van Offenbeek, M., & Van der Schans, C. (2012). Job satisfaction and job content in Dutch dental hygienists. International Journal of Dental Hygiene, Vol. 10, pp. 155-162.
45. Jonge, J. D., & Schaufeli, W. B. (1998). Job characteristics and employee well-being: A test of Warr’s Vitamin Model in health care workers using structural equation modeling. Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol. 19, pp. 387-407.
46. Kalleberg, A. L., Reskin, B. F., & Hudson, K. (2000). Bad jobs in America: Standard and nonstandard employment relations and job quality in the United States. American Sociological Review, Vol. 65, No. 2, pp. 256-278.
47. Kalleberg, A. L., & Vaisey, S. (2005). Pathways to a good job: Perceived work quality among the machinists in North America. British Journal of Industrial Relations,Vol. 43, No. 3, pp. 431–454.
48. Kelliher, C., & Anderson, D. (2008). For better or for worse? An analysis of how flexible working practices influence employees’ perceptions of job quality. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 419–431.
49. Keyes, C. L. M., Shmotkin, D., & Ryff, C. D. (2002). Optimizing well-being: The empirical encounter of two traditions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 82, No. 6, pp. 1007–1022.
50. Knox, A., Warhurst, C., & Pocock, B. (2011). Job Quality Matters. Journal of Industrial Relations, Vol. 53, No. 1, pp. 5-11. 
51. Kolev, A. (2005). Unemployment, job quality and poverty: A case study of Bulgaria. International Labour Review, 144 (1), 85-114.
52. Kuhnert, K. W., Sims, R. R., & Lahey, M. A. (1989). The relationship between job security and employee health. Group & Organization Management,Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 399-410.
53. Layte, R., O’Connell, P. J., & Russell, H. (2008). Temporary jobs in Ireland: Does class influence job quality? The Economic and Social Review, Vol. 39, No. 2, pp. 81–104.
54. Lipsey, M. W., & Wilson, D. B. (2001). Practical meta-analysis. Applied social research methods series. Vol. 49.
55. Long, R. J. (1993). The impact of new office information technology on job quality of female and male employees. Human Relations,Vol. 46, No. 8, pp. 939-961.
56. Loughlin, C., & Murray, R. (2013). Employment status congruence and job quality. Human Relations, Vol. 66, No. 4, 529-553.
57. Luhmann, M., Hawkley, L. C., Eid, M., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2012). Time frames and the distinction between affective and cognitive well-being. Journal of Research in Personality, Vol. 46, pp. 431–441.
58. Malhotra, N., Budhwar, P., & Prowse, P. (2007). Linking rewards to commitment: An empirical investigation of four UK call centres. International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 18 No. 12, pp. 2095-2128.
59. Marchese, M. C., & Ryan, J. (2001). Capitalizing on the benefits of utilizing part-time employees through job autonomy. Journal of Business and Psychology,Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 549-560.
60. Mathieu, J. E., & Zajac, D. M. (1990). A review and meta-analysis of the antecedents, correlates, and consequences of organizational commitment. Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 108, No. 2, pp. 171–194.
61. McGovern, P., Smeaton, D., & Hill, S. (2004). Bad jobs in Britain: nonstandard employment and job quality. Work and Occupations, Vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 225-249.
62. Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human Resource Management Review, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 61-89.
63. Meyer, J. P., Becker, T. E., & Van Dick, R. (2006). Social identities and commitments at work: Toward an integrative model.Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol. 27, No. 5, pp. 665–683.
64. Meyer, J. P., Stanley, D. J., Herscovitch, L., & Topolnytsky, L. (2002). Affective, continuance, and normative commitment to the organization: A meta-analysis of antecedents, correlates, and consequences. Journal of Vocational Behavior, Vol. 61, pp. 20–52.
65. Mühlau, P. (2011). Gender inequality and job quality in Europe. Management Revue, Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 114-131.
66. Mullen, B. (1989). Advanced BASIC Meta-analysis. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.
67. Okay-Somerville, B., & Scholarios, D. (2013). Shades of grey: Understanding job quality in emerging graduate occupations. Human Relations,Vol. 66, No. 4, pp. 555-585.
68. Piasna, A., Smith, M., Rose, J., Rubery, J., Burchell, B., & Rafferty, A. (2013). Participatory HRM practices and job quality of vulnerable workers. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 24, No. 22, pp. 4094–4115.
69. Price, J.L. (1997). Handbook of Organizational Measurement, MCB University Press, Bradford.
70. Robbins, S., & Judge, T. (2007). Organizational Behavior. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
71. Rogelberg, S. G. (2002). Handbook of research methods in industrial and organizational psychology.Oxford: Blackwell Publishers Ltd. 
72. Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Exploration of the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 57, No. 6, pp. 1069–1081.
73. Ryff, C. D. & Keyes, C. L. M. (1995). The structure of psychological well-being revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 69, No. 4, pp. 719–727. 
74. Smith, M., Burchell, B., Fagan, C., & O’Brien, C. (2008). Job quality in Europe. Industrial Relations Journal,Vol.39, No. 6, pp. 586–603.
75. Spector, P. E. (1986). Perceived control by employees: A meta-analysis of studies concerning autonomy and participation at work. Human Relations, Vol. 39, No. 11, pp. 1005-1016. 
76. Van Dun, Z., Bloemer, J., & Henseler, J. (2012). Job quality in the customer contact centre: Conceptual foundation and scale development. The Service Industries Journal, Vol. 32, No. 2, pp. 171–196.
77. Warr, P. B. (1987). Work, unemployment and mental health. Oxford, United Kingdom: Clarendon Press.
78. Warr, P. B. (1990). The measurement of well-being and other aspects of mental health. Journal of Occupational Psychology, Vol. 63, No. 3, pp. 193-210.
79. Weaver, C. N. (1977). Relationship among pay, race, sex, occupational prestige, supervision, work autonomy, and job satisfaction in a national sample. Personnel Psychology, Vol. 30, pp. 437-445.
80. Williams, M. L., Malos, S. B., & Palmer, D. K. (2002). Benefit system and benefit level satisfaction: An expanded model of antecedents and consequences. Journal of Management, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp. 195–215.
81. Wright, T. A., & Bonett, D. G. (1997). The role of pleasantness and activation-based well-being in performance prediction. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology,Vol. 2, pp. 212-219. 
82. Wright, T. A., & Cropanzano, R. (2000). Psychological well-being and job satisfaction as predictors of job performance. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 84-94.
83. Zeytinoglu, I. U., Yilmaz, G., Keser, A., Inelmen, K., Uygur, D., & Özsoy, A. (2013). Job satisfaction, flexible employment and job security among Turkish service sector workers. Economic and Industrial Democracy, Vol. 34, No. 1, pp. 123-144.
84. Zeytinoglu, I. U., Keser, A., Yılmac, G., Inelmen, C., Ozsoy, A., & Uygur, D. (2012). Security in a sea of insecurity: job security and intention to stay among service sector employees in Turkey. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 23, No. 13, pp. 2809–2823.
85. Zipp, J. F. (1991). The quality of jobs in small businesses. Economic Development Quarterly,Vol. 5, No. 9, pp. 9-22.