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Автори:
Люсія Міхалкова, Жилінський університет (Словаччина) Войтех Стехель, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5220-2857 Техніко-економічний університет в Чеські Будейовиці (Чехія) Ельвіра Ніка, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5693-9872 Центр людських ресурсів та економіки праці AAER (США)|Бухарестський університет економічних досліджень (Румунія) Павол Дурана, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0889-0218 Жилінський університет (Словаччина)
Сторінки: 276-295
Мова: Англійська
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2022.3-23
Отримано: 10.05.2021
Прийнято: 10.08.2021
Опубліковано: 13.09.2021
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Розширена анотація українською мовою
У практиці корпоративного управління оподатковуваним прибутком застосовуються методи структуризації капіталу та податкових щитів з метою зменшення податкових платежів, максимізації ринкової та акціонерної вартості компаній, незалежно від котирування їх акцій на фондовій біржі. У рамках даного дослідження проаналізовано взаємозв’язок між податковим щитом, структурою капіталу та ефективністю управління прибутками. Визначено ефективну модель структуризації капіталу для оптимізації податкових та неподаткових надходжень у досліджуваних країнах. Емпіричне дослідження проведено на основі панельних даних, сформованих для вибірки з більш ніж 5000 нефінансових компаній у Словаччині та Чехії за 2014-2017 роки. Практичну реалізацію дослідження здійснено з використання трьох варіантів коефіцієнта кредитного важеля (загальний, короткостроковий та довгостроковий). У роботі досліджено податкові щити за рівнем фактичної ставки податку, за умови маніпулювання прибутками за дискреційними нарахуваннями на основі аналізу корпоративних на національних показників (ВВП та інфляція). За результатами негативної залежності між рівнем прибутку та кредитним важелем, встановлено, що компанії слідують модифікованій теорії ієрархії для країн, з перехідною економікою. Прибуткові компанії Чехії та Словаччини використовують податкові та неподаткові пільги в незначній мірі. При цьому широке застосування отримали методи маніпулювання, що не пов’язані із податками на прибуток (управління прибутками). Як правило, компанії, які мають заборгованість, можуть підвищувати бухгалтерський прибуток для полегшення боргової ситуації. При цьому маніпуляції з бухгалтерським прибутком негативно впливають на короткостроковий борг, оскільки значна заборгованість посилює вимоги до якості бухгалтерського прибутку позичальника. Авторами наголошено, що розроблений підхід може бути використаним при прийнятті рішень усіма зацікавленими сторонами (менеджерами, власниками акцій та власниками боргів/кредиторами) компанії.
Ключові слова: структуризація капіталу, податковий вплив, надходження, модифікована теорія ієрархії, перехідна економіка..
Класифікація JEL: M30, O3, O40.
Цитувати як: Becarova, K., Nagyova, L., Hazuchova, N., & Stavkova, J. (2022). Corporate management: capital structure and tax shields Marketing and Management of Innovations, 3, 276-295. https://doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2022.3-23
Ця стаття публікуються за ліцензією Creative Commons Attribution International License
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